CHEBI:26523reactive oxygen speciesGO:1903409reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process1increasedWikiUser_28VertebratesHyperactivation of ACE/Ang-II/AT1R axisHyperactivation of ACE/Ang-II/AT1R axisMolecular2021-03-31T03:36:262021-03-31T04:11:59Increased Angiotensin II Increased AngIICellular2020-03-17T06:15:012021-04-04T08:00:36Chronic kidney diseaseChronic kidney diseaseOrgan2019-02-18T09:58:112019-02-18T09:58:11Increased Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R)Increased Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R)Tissue2021-03-30T15:04:402021-03-30T15:04:40Increased Sodium-sensitive hypertensionIncreased Sodium-sensitive hypertensionTissue2021-04-07T06:16:432021-04-07T06:30:08Increased, Reactive oxygen speciesIncreased, Reactive oxygen speciesCellular<p>Biological State: increased reactive oxygen species (ROS)</p>
<p>Biological compartment: an entire cell -- may be cytosolic, may also enter organelles.</p>
<p>Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are O2- derived molecules that can be both free radicals (e.g. superoxide, hydroxyl, peroxyl, alcoxyl) and non-radicals (hypochlorous acid, ozone and singlet oxygen) (Bedard and Krause 2007; Ozcan and Ogun 2015). ROS production occurs naturally in all kinds of tissues inside various cellular compartments, such as mitochondria and peroxisomes (Drew and Leeuwenburgh 2002; Ozcan and Ogun 2015). Furthermore, these molecules have an important function in the regulation of several biological processes – they might act as antimicrobial agents or triggers of animal gamete activation and capacitation (Goud et al. 2008; Parrish 2010; Bisht et al. 2017). <br />
However, in environmental stress situations (exposure to radiation, chemicals, high temperatures) these molecules have its levels drastically increased, and overly interact with macromolecules, namely nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates and lipids, causing cell and tissue damage (Brieger et al. 2012; Ozcan and Ogun 2015). </p>
<p>Photocolorimetric assays (Sharma et al. 2017; Griendling et al. 2016) or through commercial kits purchased from specialized companies.</p>
<p>ROS is a normal constituent found in all organisms.</p>
HighUnspecificHighAll life stagesHigh<p>Bedard, Karen, and Karl-Heinz Krause. 2007. “The NOX Family of ROS-Generating NADPH Oxidases: Physiology and Pathophysiology.” Physiological Reviews 87 (1): 245–313.</p>
<p>Ozcan, Ayla, and Metin Ogun. 2015. “Biochemistry of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species.” In Basic Principles and Clinical Significance of Oxidative Stress, edited by Sivakumar Joghi Thatha Gowder. Rijeka: IntechOpen.</p>
<p>Drew, Barry, and Christiaan Leeuwenburgh. 2002. “Aging and the Role of Reactive Nitrogen Species.” Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 959 (April): 66–81.</p>
<p>Goud, Anuradha P., Pravin T. Goud, Michael P. Diamond, Bernard Gonik, and Husam M. Abu-Soud. 2008. “Reactive Oxygen Species and Oocyte Aging: Role of Superoxide, Hydrogen Peroxide, and Hypochlorous Acid.” Free Radical Biology & Medicine 44 (7): 1295–1304.</p>
<p>Parrish, A. R. 2010. “2.27 - Hypoxia/Ischemia Signaling.” In Comprehensive Toxicology (Second Edition), edited by Charlene A. McQueen, 529–42. Oxford: Elsevier.</p>
<p>Bisht, Shilpa, Muneeb Faiq, Madhuri Tolahunase, and Rima Dada. 2017. “Oxidative Stress and Male Infertility.” Nature Reviews. Urology 14 (8): 470–85.</p>
<p>Brieger, K., S. Schiavone, F. J. Miller Jr, and K-H Krause. 2012. “Reactive Oxygen Species: From Health to Disease.” Swiss Medical Weekly 142 (August): w13659.</p>
<p>Sharma, Gunjan, Nishant Kumar Rana, Priya Singh, Pradeep Dubey, Daya Shankar Pandey, and Biplob Koch. 2017. “p53 Dependent Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Delay Induced by Heteroleptic Complexes in Human Cervical Cancer Cells.” Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & Pharmacotherapie 88 (April): 218–31.</p>
<p>Griendling, Kathy K., Rhian M. Touyz, Jay L. Zweier, Sergey Dikalov, William Chilian, Yeong-Renn Chen, David G. Harrison, Aruni Bhatnagar, and American Heart Association Council on Basic Cardiovascular Sciences. 2016. “Measurement of Reactive Oxygen Species, Reactive Nitrogen Species, and Redox-Dependent Signaling in the Cardiovascular System: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.” Circulation Research 119 (5): e39–75.</p>
2016-11-29T18:41:292023-04-10T14:01:307c942881-0cb3-4e87-958d-421f9f5d937905564890-e36e-49df-97d4-36bc3efa18ee2021-04-10T11:50:392021-04-10T11:50:3905564890-e36e-49df-97d4-36bc3efa18ee18042bf3-422e-41f0-9a79-18f7d702accb2021-04-10T11:50:582021-04-10T11:50:5818042bf3-422e-41f0-9a79-18f7d702accb9d42d71d-f4d0-40b9-8097-a25e63e4a8382021-04-10T11:49:022021-04-10T11:49:029d42d71d-f4d0-40b9-8097-a25e63e4a8381d609b74-45ca-47af-979f-7a9292d39df42021-04-10T11:51:582021-04-10T11:51:581d609b74-45ca-47af-979f-7a9292d39df4d8321f22-b6c3-4520-a94b-4ceb7956b91f2021-04-10T11:52:382021-04-10T11:52:38Hyperactivation of ACE/Ang-II/AT1R axis leading to chronic kidney disease ACE/Ang-II/AT1R axis, chronic kidney disease (CKD)Under development: Not open for comment. Do not citeadjacentHighHighadjacentModerateModerateadjacentModerateModerateadjacentNot SpecifiedModerateadjacentNot SpecifiedModerate2021-03-31T03:30:512023-04-29T13:02:19