Stressor: 338
Title
Carbon nanotubes, Multi-walled carbon nanotubes, single-walled carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibres
Stressor Overview
AOPs Including This Stressor
Events Including This Stressor
Event Name |
---|
Pulmonary fibrosis |
Chemical Table
AOP Evidence
Substance interaction with the lung resident cell membrane components leading to lung fibrosis
CNTs are high aspect ratio materials and cause lung fibrosis in experimental animals (Muller et al., 2005; Porter DW et al., 2010). In an intelligence bulletin published by NIOSH on ‘Occupational exposure to carbon nanotubes and nanofibers’, NIOSH reviewed 54 individual animal studies investigating the pulmonary toxicity induced by CNTs and reported that half of those studies consistently showed lung fibrosis (NIOSH bulletin, 2013). Multiwalled carbon nanotubes induce lung fibrosis in mice (Nikota et al., 2017; Rahman et al., 2017). However, the evidence is inconsistent and the occurrence of fibrotic pathology is influenced by the specific physical-chemical properties of CNTs (length, rigidity), their dispersion in exposure vehicle, and the mode of exposure.
- Muller, J., Huaux, F., Moreau, N., Misson, P., Heilier, J., Delos, M., Arras, M., Fonseca, A., Nagy, J. and Lison, D. (2005). Respiratory toxicity of multi-wall carbon nanotubes. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 207(3), pp.221-231.
- NIOSH (2013). Occupational exposure to carbon nanotubes and nanofibers: current intelligence bulletin 65.
- Porter, D., Hubbs, A., Mercer, R., Wu, N., Wolfarth, M., Sriram, K., Leonard, S., Battelli, L., Schwegler-Berry, D. and Friend, S. (2010). Mouse pulmonary dose- and time course-responses induced by exposure to multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Toxicology, 269(2-3), pp.136-147.
- Nikota, J., Banville, A., Goodwin, L., Wu, D., Williams, A., Yauk, C., Wallin, H., Vogel, U. and Halappanavar, S. (2017). Stat-6 signaling pathway and not Interleukin-1 mediates multi-walled carbon nanotube-induced lung fibrosis in mice: insights from an adverse outcome pathway framework. Particle and Fibre Toxicology, 14(1).
- Rahman L, Jacobsen NR, Aziz SA, Wu D, Williams A, Yauk CL, White P, Wallin H, Vogel U, Halappanavar S. Multi-walled carbon nanotube-induced genotoxic, inflammatory and pro-fibrotic responses in mice: Investigating the mechanisms of pulmonary carcinogenesis. Mutat Res. 2017 Nov;823:28-44.
Event Evidence
Pulmonary fibrosis
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are allotropes of carbon, are made of rolled up sheet of graphene (single-walled carbon nanotubes) and are tubular in shape. A multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) is a multi-layered concentric cylinder of graphene sheets stacked one inside the other (N. Saifuddin et al., 2013). CNTs exhibit a combination of unique mechanical, thermal, and electronic properties and are highly desired commercially. They are light weight but their tensile strength is 50 times higher than that of steel, and they are stable chemically as well as in the environment. Consequently, they are produced in massive amounts and are increasingly incorporated in several industrial products.
CNTs are high aspect ratio materials and are shown to cause lung fibrosis in animals (Muller J et al., 2005; Porter DW et al., 2010; Dong and Ma 2016; Vietti, et al., 2016). In an intelligence bulletin published by NIOSH on ‘Occupational exposure to carbon nanotubes and nanofibers’, NIOSH reviewed 54 individual animal studies investigating the pulmonary toxicity induced by CNTs and reported that half of those studies consistently showed lung fibrosis (NIOSH bulletin, 2013). However, the evidence is inconsistent and the occurrence of fibrotic pathology is influenced by the specific physical-chemical properties of CNTs (i.e. length, rigidity), their dispersion in exposure vehicle, and the mode of exposure (Duke and Bonner 2018).
1. Dong, J., & Ma, Q. (2016). Myofibroblasts and lung fibrosis induced by carbon nanotube exposure. Particle and fibre toxicology, 13(1), 60.
2. Duke, K. S., & Bonner, J. C. (2018). Mechanisms of carbon nanotube-induced pulmonary fibrosis: a physicochemical characteristic perspective. Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology, 10(3), e1498.
3. Muller, J., Huaux, F., Moreau, N., Misson, P., Heilier, J. F., Delos, M., Arras, M., Fonseca, A., Nagy, J. B., & Lison, D. (2005). Respiratory toxicity of multi-wall carbon nanotubes. Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 207(3), 221–231.
4. NIOSH: Occupational exposure to carbon nanotubes and nanofibers: current intelligence bulletin 65. 2013.
5. Porter, D. W., Hubbs, A. F., Mercer, R. R., Wu, N., Wolfarth, M. G., Sriram, K., Leonard, S., Battelli, L., Schwegler-Berry, D., Friend, S., Andrew, M., Chen, B. T., Tsuruoka, S., Endo, M., & Castranova, V. (2010). Mouse pulmonary dose- and time course-responses induced by exposure to multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Toxicology, 269(2-3), 136–147.
6. N. Saifuddin, A. Z. Raziah, and A. R. Junizah. Carbon Nanotubes: A Review on Structure and Their Interaction with Proteins. Journal of Chemistry, vol. 2013, Article ID 676815, 18 pages, 2013.
7. Vietti, G., Lison, D., & van den Brule, S. (2016). Mechanisms of lung fibrosis induced by carbon nanotubes: towards an Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP). Particle and fibre toxicology, 13, 11.
Stressor Info
Chemical/Category Description
Julie Mullera, Franc¸ois Huauxa, Nicolas Moreaub, Pierre Missona, Jean-Franc¸ois Heiliera,
Monique Delosc, Mohammed Arrasa, Antonio Fonsecab, Janos B. Nagyb, Dominique Lison
Julie Mullera, Franc¸ois Huauxa, Nicolas Moreaub, Pierre Missona, Jean-Franc¸ois Heiliera,
Monique Delosc, Mohammed Arrasa, Antonio Fonsecab, Janos B. Nagyb, Dominique Lison