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Relationship: 1837
Title
Proteasomal dysfunction leads to Airway epithelial injury
Upstream event
Downstream event
Key Event Relationship Overview
AOPs Referencing Relationship
AOP Name | Adjacency | Weight of Evidence | Quantitative Understanding | Point of Contact | Author Status | OECD Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
α-diketone-induced bronchiolitis obliterans | adjacent | Not Specified | Not Specified | Agnes Aggy (send email) | Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite |
Taxonomic Applicability
Sex Applicability
Life Stage Applicability
Key Event Relationship Description
The covalent binding of α-diketones with arginine residues can alter the functioning of proteins. When this interaction affects critical proteins, cellular functioning becomes compromised and might eventually lead to cell death.
Evidence Collection Strategy
Evidence Supporting this KER
Biological Plausibility
When critical proteins are affected by the binding of α-diketones the functioning of cells in the airway epithelium becomes compromised and these cells cannot perform their specific task or might eventually die. The damaged epithelium might become devoid of the most sensitive cell-types, might lose its barrier function or the airways might even become locally denuded from an epithelial layer.
Empirical Evidence
Inhalation of α-diketones by laboratory animals result in severe damage of the airway epithelium (Hubbs et al. 2012, Morgan et al. 2012, 2016). Also exposure of in vitro models of airway epithelium to α-diketones leads to a complete destruction of the epithelial layer (Zaccone et al. 2015, Foster et al. 2017).
Uncertainties and Inconsistencies
At present the sensitivity of the individual cell types of the airway epithelium upon exposure to α-diketones is largely unknown.
Known modulating factors
Quantitative Understanding of the Linkage
Response-response Relationship
Time-scale
Known Feedforward/Feedback loops influencing this KER
Domain of Applicability
References
Hubbs, A. F., Cumpston, A. M., Goldsmith, W. T., Battelli, L. A., Kashon, M.
L., Jackson, M. C., Frazer, D. G., Fedan, J. S., Goravanahally, M. P., Castranova, V., Kreiss, K., Willard, P. A., Friend, S., Schwegler-Berry, D., Fluharty, K. L., and Sriram, K. (2012). Respiratory and olfactory cytotoxicity of inhaled 2,3-pentanedione in Sprague-Dawley rats. Am J Pathol 181, 829–44.
Foster, M. W., Gwinn, W. M., Kelly, F. L., Brass, D. M., Valente, A. M., Moseley, M. A., … Palmer, S. M. (2017). Proteomic Analysis of Primary Human Airway Epithelial Cells Exposed to the Respiratory Toxicant Diacetyl. Journal of Proteome Research, 16(2), 538–549. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00672
McGraw, M. D., Rioux, J. S., Garlick, R. B., Rancourt, R. C., White, C. W., & Veress, L. A. (2017). Impaired proliferation and differentiation of the conducting airway epithelium associated with bronchiolitis
obliterans after sulfur mustard inhalation injury in rats. Toxicological Sciences, 157(2), 399–409. https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfx057
Morgan, D. L., Jokinen, M. P., Johnson, C. L., Gwinn, W. M., Price, H. C., and
Flake, G. P. (2012). Bronchial fibrosis in rats exposed to 2,3-butanedione
and 2,3-pentanedione vapors. Toxicologist 126, 200.
Morgan, D. L., Jokinen, M. P., Johnson, C. L., Price, H. C., Gwinn, W. M., Bousquet, R. W., & Flake, G. P. (2016). Chemical Reactivity and Respiratory Toxicity of the alpha-Diketone Flavoring Agents: 2,3-Butanedione, 2,3-Pentanedione, and 2,3-Hexanedione. Toxicologic Pathology, 44(5), 763–783. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192623316638962
Flake, G. P., & Morgan, D. L. (2017). Pathology of diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione airway lesions in a rat model of obliterative bronchiolitis. Toxicology, 388, 40–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2016.10.013
Zaccone, E. J., Goldsmith, W. T., Shimko, M. J., Wells, J. R., Schwegler-Berry, D., Willard, P. A., … Fedan, J. S. (2015). Diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione exposure of human cultured airway epithelial cells: Ion transport effects and metabolism of butter flavoring agents. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 289, 542–549. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2015.10.004