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Event: 350
Key Event Title
Increase, Mortality
Short name
Biological Context
Level of Biological Organization |
---|
Individual |
Key Event Components
Process | Object | Action |
---|---|---|
mortality | increased |
Key Event Overview
AOPs Including This Key Event
AOP Name | Role of event in AOP | Point of Contact | Author Status | OECD Status |
---|---|---|---|---|
EcR agonism leading to incomplete ecdysis associated mortality | AdverseOutcome | Brendan Ferreri-Hanberry (send email) | Open for citation & comment | |
Formation of DNA photoproducts leading to growth inhibition (1) | AdverseOutcome | Allie Always (send email) | Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite | |
Excessive ROS leading to mortality (1) | AdverseOutcome | Cataia Ives (send email) | Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite | |
Excessive ROS leading to mortality (2) | AdverseOutcome | Brendan Ferreri-Hanberry (send email) | Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite | |
Excessive ROS leading to mortality (3) | AdverseOutcome | Arthur Author (send email) | Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite | |
Excessive ROS leading to mortality (4) | AdverseOutcome | Agnes Aggy (send email) | Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite | |
SAM depletion leading to population decline (2) | AdverseOutcome | Allie Always (send email) | Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite | |
SAM depletion leading to population decline (1) | AdverseOutcome | Agnes Aggy (send email) | Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite | |
Chitinase inhibition leading to mortality | AdverseOutcome | Evgeniia Kazymova (send email) | Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite | Under Development |
Chitobiase inhibition leading to mortality | AdverseOutcome | Cataia Ives (send email) | Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite | Under Development |
CHS-1 inhibition leading to mortality | AdverseOutcome | Brendan Ferreri-Hanberry (send email) | Open for citation & comment | WPHA/WNT Endorsed |
SUR binding leading to mortality | AdverseOutcome | Arthur Author (send email) | Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite | Under Development |
Alcohol dehydrogenase leading to reproductive dysfunction | KeyEvent | Brendan Ferreri-Hanberry (send email) | Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite | |
Doda decarboxylase leading to mortality | KeyEvent | Arthur Author (send email) | Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite | |
Knickkopf leading to mortality | KeyEvent | Agnes Aggy (send email) | Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite | |
elavl3, sox10, mbp induced neuronal effects | AdverseOutcome | Brendan Ferreri-Hanberry (send email) | Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite |
Taxonomic Applicability
Life Stages
Life stage | Evidence |
---|---|
All life stages | High |
Sex Applicability
Term | Evidence |
---|---|
Unspecific | High |
Key Event Description
This key event is observed at the biological level of the individual and describes the increase of mortality of individuals upon exposure to a stressor.
How It Is Measured or Detected
The AO can be detected by observation, for example by immobilization of the respective organisms. There exist guidelines for the characterization of this AO in arthropods. For example, the OECD 202 Daphnia sp. Acute immobilization test (OECD 2004) which can also be modified depending on the effect one expects.
Domain of Applicability
Taxonomic: This AO is applicable to all living organisms.
Life stage: This AO is applicable to all life stages.
Sex: This AO is applicable to all sexes.
Chemical: Substances known to increase mortality in arthropods are of the family of pyrimidine nucleosides (e.g. polyoxin D and nikkomycin Z) (Gijswijt et al. 1979; Tellam et al. 2000; Arakawa et al. 2008).
Regulatory Significance of the Adverse Outcome
The Adverse Outcome is highly significant from a regulatory point of view. It is employed as regulatory endpoint in most studies assessing the toxicity of stressors.
References
Arakawa T, Yukuhiro F, Noda H. 2008. Insecticidal effect of a fungicide containing polyoxin B on the larvae of Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae), Mamestra brassicae, Mythimna separata, and Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Appl Entomol Zool. 43(2):173–181. doi:10.1303/aez.2008.173.
Gijswijt MJ, Deul DH, de Jong BJ. 1979. Inhibition of chitin synthesis by benzoyl-phenylurea insecticides, III. Similarity in action in Pieris brassicae (L.) with Polyoxin D. Pestic Biochem Physiol. 12(1):87–94. doi:10.1016/0048-3575(79)90098-1.
OECD. 2004. Test No. 202: Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test. OECD OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2. [accessed 2020 Mar 3]. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/environment/test-no-202-daphnia-sp-acute-immobilisation-test_9789264069947-en.
Tellam RL, Vuocolo T, Johnson SE, Jarmey J, Pearson RD. 2000. Insect chitin synthase. cDNA sequence, gene organization and expression. Eur J Biochem. 267(19):6025–6043. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.01679.x.