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Event: 1390

Key Event Title

A descriptive phrase which defines a discrete biological change that can be measured. More help

Sexual behavior, decreased

Short name

The KE short name should be a reasonable abbreviation of the KE title and is used in labelling this object throughout the AOP-Wiki. More help

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Biological Context

Structured terms, selected from a drop-down menu, are used to identify the level of biological organization for each KE. More help

Level of Biological Organization
Individual

Key Event Components

The KE, as defined by a set structured ontology terms consisting of a biological process, object, and action with each term originating from one of 14 biological ontologies (Ives, et al., 2017; https://aopwiki.org/info_pages/2/info_linked_pages/7#List). Biological process describes dynamics of the underlying biological system (e.g., receptor signalling).Biological process describes dynamics of the underlying biological system (e.g., receptor signaling). The biological object is the subject of the perturbation (e.g., a specific biological receptor that is activated or inhibited). Action represents the direction of perturbation of this system (generally increased or decreased; e.g., ‘decreased’ in the case of a receptor that is inhibited to indicate a decrease in the signaling by that receptor). Note that when editing Event Components, clicking an existing Event Component from the Suggestions menu will autopopulate these fields, along with their source ID and description. To clear any fields before submitting the event component, use the 'Clear process,' 'Clear object,' or 'Clear action' buttons. If a desired term does not exist, a new term request may be made via Term Requests. Event components may not be edited; to edit an event component, remove the existing event component and create a new one using the terms that you wish to add. Further information on Event Components and Biological Context may be viewed on the attached pdf. More help

Key Event Overview

AOPs Including This Key Event

All of the AOPs that are linked to this KE will automatically be listed in this subsection. This table can be particularly useful for derivation of AOP networks including the KE.Clicking on the name of the AOP will bring you to the individual page for that AOP. More help

AOP Name	Role of event in AOP	Point of Contact	Author Status	OECD Status
Inhibition of CYP7B activity leads to decreased sexual behavior	KeyEvent	Arthur Author (send email)	Not under active development

Taxonomic Applicability

Latin or common names of a species or broader taxonomic grouping (e.g., class, order, family) that help to define the biological applicability domain of the KE.In many cases, individual species identified in these structured fields will be those for which the strongest evidence used in constructing the AOP was available in relation to this KE. More help

Term	Scientific Term	Evidence	Link
Japanese quail	Coturnix japonica		NCBI
Cynops pyrrhogaster	Cynops pyrrhogaster		NCBI

Life Stages

An indication of the the relevant life stage(s) for this KE. More help

Life stage	Evidence
Adult, reproductively mature

Sex Applicability

An indication of the the relevant sex for this KE. More help

Term	Evidence
Male

Key Event Description

A description of the biological state being observed or measured, the biological compartment in which it is measured, and its general role in the biology should be provided. More help

Sexual behavior in male bird is characterized by components such as crowing, strutting, and mounting, whereas the newt exhibits a tail-vibrating behavior (Hutchison, 1978). In both species, sexual behavior varies on a daily (photoperiod) and seasonal (breeding) basis. A decrease in sexual behavior is defined by a reduction in the frequency of these typical behaviors.

How It Is Measured or Detected

A description of the type(s) of measurements that can be employed to evaluate the KE and the relative level of scientific confidence in those measurements.These can range from citation of specific validated test guidelines, citation of specific methods published in the peer reviewed literature, or outlines of a general protocol or approach (e.g., a protein may be measured by ELISA). Do not provide detailed protocols. More help

Since sexual behavior varies along the day and the season, timing is an important component of the measurement. Light exposure, endocrine disruptors and season should all be considered in the protocol design in order to limit the bias in the measurement.

Sexual behavior in male is measured in presence of a sexually receptive female. To limit the risk of bias induced by differences in female receptivity, it is important to repeat the experiment later/the day after with a different female for each male (Halldin et al., 1999).In bird, the frequency of chasing, pecking, head grabbing, and mounting for a X minutes observation can be measured (Halldin et al., 1999; Ogura et al., 2016).

For newt, sexual behavior is characterized by a tail-vibrating behavior and can be measured by counting the frequency and incidence of this behavior during X minutes. Incidence and frequency are expressed as the percentage of animals exhibiting the behavior and the mean number of times the behavior was recorded per test animal over the test period, respectively (Toyoda et al., 1983).

Domain of Applicability

A description of the scientific basis for the indicated domains of applicability and the WoE calls (if provided). More help

This key event can be applied to any animal having sexual reproduction. It does not apply to asexual animals.

References

List of the literature that was cited for this KE description. More help

Adkins, E. K. and N. T. Adler. 1972. Hormonal control of behavior in the Japanese quail. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol.81:27-36.

Halldin, K., Berg, C., Brandt, I., and Brunstrom, B. (1999). Sexual behavior in Japanese quail as a test end point for endocrine disruption: effects of in ovo exposure to ethinylestradiol and diethylstilbestrol. Environ Health Perspect 107, 861-866.

Hutchison, R.E. (1978). Hormonal differentiation of sexual behavior in Japanese quail. Horm Behav 11, 363-387.

Ogura, Y., Haraguchi, S., Nagino, K., Ishikawa, K., Fukahori, Y., and Tsutsui, K. (2016). 7alpha-Hydroxypregnenolone regulates diurnal changes in sexual behavior of male quail. Gen Comp Endocrinol 227, 130-135.

Sachs, B.D. (1967). Photoperiodic control of the cloacal gland of the Japanese quail. Science 157, 201-203.

Toyoda, F., Ito, M., Tanaka, S., and Kikuyama, S. (1993). Hormonal induction of male courtship behavior in the Japanese newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster. Horm Behav 27, 511-522.