Stressor: 11
Title
To create a new stressor, from the Listing Stressors page at https://aopwiki.org/stressors click ‘New stressor.’ This will bring you to a page entitled “New Stressor” where a stressor title can be entered. Click ‘Create stressor’ to create a new Stressor page listing the stressor title at the top.
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Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
Stressor Overview
The stressor field is a structured data field that can be used to annotate an AOP with standardised terms identifying stressors known to trigger the MIE/AOP. Most often these are chemical names selected from established chemical ontologies. However, depending on the information available, this could also refer to chemical categories (i.e., groups of chemicals with defined structural features known to trigger the MIE). It can also include non-chemical stressors such as genetic or environmental factors.
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AOPs Including This Stressor
This table is automatically generated and lists the AOPs associated with this Stressor.
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Events Including This Stressor
This table is automatically generated and lists the Key Events associated with this Stressor.
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Chemical Table
The Chemical Table lists chemicals associated with a stressor. This table contains information about the User’s term for a chemical, the DTXID, Preferred name, CAS number, JChem InChIKey, and Indigo InChIKey.To add a chemical associated with a particular stressor, next to the Chemical Table click ‘Add chemical.’ This will redirect you to a page entitled “New Stressor Chemical.’ The dialog box can be used to search for chemical by name, CAS number, JChem InChIKey, and Indigo InChIKey. Searching by these fields will bring forward a drop down list of existing stressor chemicals formatted as Preferred name, “CAS- preferred name,” “JChem InChIKey – preferred name,” or “Indigo InChIKey- preferred name,” depending on by which field you perform the search. It may take several moments for the drop down list to display. Select an entity from the drop down list and click ‘Add chemical.’ This will return you to the Stressor Page, where the new record should be in the ‘Chemical Table’ on the page.To remove a chemical associated with a particular stressor, in the Chemical Table next to the chemical you wish to delete, click ‘Remove’ and then click 'OK.' The chemical should no longer be visible in the Chemical table.
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| User term | DTXID | Preferred name | Casrn | jchem_inchi_key | indigo_inchi_key |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate | DTXSID5020607 | Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate | 117-81-7 | BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYNA-N | BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
AOP Evidence
This table is automatically generated and includes the AOPs with this associated stressor as well as the evidence term and evidence text from this AOP Stressor.
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PPARα activation leading to hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas in rodents
There is no evidence text for this AOP
Decreased testosterone synthesis leading to short anogenital distance (AGD) in male (mammalian) offspring
There is no evidence text for this AOP
Event Evidence
This table is automatically generated and includes the Events with this associated stressor as well as the evidence text from this Event Stressor.
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Activation, PPARα & PPARγ
There is no evidence text for this event.
Decreased, plasma 11-ketotestosterone level
A review of androgen signaling in fish cites several studies showing DEHP decreased 11KT (Golshan et al., 2019)
Impaired, Spermatogenesis
A review of androgen signaling in male fish cites several studies showing DEHP decreases sperm quality (Golshan et al., 2019)
decrease, male anogenital distance
DEHP has been shown to cause decreased male AGD in rats following intrauterine exposure to 300-1500 mg/kg bw/day (Christiansen et al, 2010; Gray et al, 2000; Howdeshell et al, 2007; Jarfelt et al, 2005; Kita et al, 2016; Li et al, 2013; Lin et al, 2009; Moore et al, 2001; Nardelli et al, 2017; Saillenfait et al, 2009; Wolf et al, 1999).
Disrupted meiotic initiation of fetal oogonia of the ovary
Diethyl hexyl phthalate (DEHP) exposure at a dose of 40 mg kg-1 from E0.5 to E18.5, caused delayed meiosis of oocytes, evident by delayed Stra8 expression and meiotic progression determined by SYCP3 staining of chromosome spreads (Zhang et al, 2015). An in vitro model reported the same delay to meiosis when E12.5 ovaries were cultured in 10 µM and 100 µM concentrations of DEHP (Liu et al, 2017).
Decrease (loss of) fetal male germ cells
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) exposure induces apoptosis to gonocytes in rat testis after intrauterine exposure to 500 and 750 mg/kg bw/day (Ryu et al, 2007).
Stressor Info
Text sections under this subheading include the Chemical/Category Description and Characterization of Exposure.
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Chemical/Category Description
To edit the Chemical/Category Description” section, on a KER page, in the upper right hand menu, click ‘Edit.’ This brings you to a page entitled, “Editing Stressor.” Scroll down to the “Chemical/Category Description” section, where a text entry box allows you to submit text. Click ‘Update’ to save your changes and return to the Stressor page. The new text should appear under the “Chemical/Category Description” section on the page.
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Characterization of Exposure
To edit the “Characterization of Exposure” section, on a Stressor page, in the upper right hand menu, click ‘Edit.’ This brings you to a page entitled, “Editing Stressor.” Scroll down to the “Characterization of Exposure” section, where a text entry box allows you to submit text. Click ‘Update’ to save your changes and return to the Stressor page. The new text should appear under the “Characterization of Exposure” section on the page.
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References
List of the literature that was cited for this Stressor description. Ideally, the list of references, should conform, to the extent possible, with the OECD Style Guide (https://www.oecd.org/about/publishing/OECD-Style-Guide-Third-Edition.pdf) (OECD, 2015).To edit the “References” section, on a Stressor page, in the upper right hand menu, click ‘Edit.’ This brings you to a page entitled, “Editing Stressor.” Scroll down to the “References” section, where a text entry box allows you to submit text. Click ‘Update’ to save your changes and return to the Stressor page. The new text should appear under the “References” section on the page.
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